美國又制裁11家中國公司:制裁和合規條款已經成為公司法務必須考量的因素!
原創 Leslie法商學院 unclehome 今天
美國商務部昨晚又發飆,把十一家中國公司又列入了制裁名單。具體的原因還是不要說了,不然又得像上次一樣被和諧。當然,大家一看里面不少來自昌吉、和田的公司,自然都會明白是啥子原因。大家可以看看下面這個名單:
The entities to be added to the Entity List in connection with the practice of forced labor involving Uyghurs and other Muslim minority groups in the XUAR are:
Changji Esquel Textile Co. Ltd.
Hefei Bitland Information Technology Co. Ltd.
Hefei Meiling Co. Ltd.
Hetian Haolin Hair Accessories Co. Ltd.
Hetian Taida Apparel Co., Ltd.
KTK Group
Nanjing Synergy Textiles Co. Ltd.
Nanchang O-Film Tech
Tanyuan Technology Co. Ltd.
The entities to be added to the Entity List in connection with conducting genetic analyses used to further the repression of Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in XUAR are:
Xinjiang Silk Road BGI
Beijing Liuhe BGI
中文版的名錄是:
Beijing Liuhe BGI;北京六合華大基因科技
Changji Esquel Textile Co. Ltd.昌吉溢達紡織有限公司
Hefei Bitland Information Technology Co. Ltd.合肥寶龍達信息技術有限公司
Hefei Meiling Co. Ltd.;合肥美菱集團控股有限公司
Hetian Haolin Hair Accessories Co. Ltd.;和田浩林發飾品有限公司
Hetian Taida Apparel Co., Ltd.; 和田市泰達服裝有限公司
KTK Group;今創集團股份有限公司
Nanchang O-Film Tech;南昌歐菲光科技有限公司
Nanjing Synergy Textiles Co. Ltd.;南京新一棉紡織印染有限公司
Tanyuan Technology Co. Ltd.; and碳元科技股份有限公司
Xinjiang Silk Road BGI.新疆絲路華大基因科技有限公司
前幾天我司要簽一個合同的時候,正好簽約對方是來自和美國不太友好的一個國家,我問把合同拿上來的團隊成員,“查過在制裁名單上么?” “查了“,””有制裁合規陳述保證條款和相關的終止權么?“有合法性陳述和保證”,“那還不太夠,最好再要求對方加一個詳細的制裁合規陳述與保證條款,有可能話,要求對方做個賠償保障”。加上相應的條款之后,合約的相對方也很理解的接受了。
在全球現在的環境下,企業法律工作者在交易過程中、商務合同審查中,一定要注意制裁合規相關的條款。
一般來說,需要注意一下幾個方面:
第一、交易對手的查詢。交易對手是否是制裁對象,是否來自相關的敏感受制裁國家、是否在相關政府的制裁名單上,需要提前進行查詢確認,甚至需要進行相關公司、相關公司的股東背景調查。KYC這個流程,在和任何交易對手進行交易的過程中,都必不可少,因為“”伙伴責任“和“繼承者責任”這兩個帽子,所以作為交易的一方務必要小心確認交易對方的身份。法商學院的Dora老師開發了一個很厲害的軟件,可以幫助識別交易對手的身份和合規性,有興趣的可以找小云canton2peking, 聯系試用。
第二、在交易盡調過程中,要對對方的供應鏈,交易對手的交易對手等也進行一個摸底。保證你交易對手的商務經營活動的合規性,F在合規盡調的方面也多:反腐、洗錢、出口管制、制裁、數據合規、個人信息保護、網絡安全等等。要根據不同 的行業有所側重的進行合規盡調。比如航運業的就非常關注運的船從哪兒來,要去哪兒,有沒有和制裁國、制裁實體和個人有關聯,貨是從哪兒來的,等等,因為一個不慎,就有可能入坑,帶來風險。
第三、在商務合同中放入相關的合規陳述與保證條款。比如下面的一個實例就是非常常見的應對制裁管制的一個合規的陳述與保證條款。
Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (i) is, or is controlled or 50% or more owned in the aggregate by or is acting on behalf of, one or more individuals or entities that are currently the subject of any sanctions administered or enforced by the United States (including any administered or enforced by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the U.S. Department of State or the Bureau of Industry and Security of the U.S. Department of Commerce), the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, a member state of the European Union (including sanctions administered or enforced by Her Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom) or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively, “Sanctions” and such persons, “Sanctioned Persons” and each such person, a “Sanctioned Person”), (ii) is located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is, or whose government is, the subject of Sanctions that broadly prohibit dealings with that country or territory (collectively, “Sanctioned Countries” and each, a “Sanctioned Country”) or (iii) will, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of this offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other individual or entity in any manner that would result in a violation of any Sanctions by, or could result in the imposition of Sanctions against, any individual or entity (including any individual or entity participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise). Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has engaged in any dealings or transactions with or for the benefit of a Sanctioned Person, or with or in a Sanctioned Country, in the preceding 3 years, nor does the Company or any of its subsidiaries have any plans to engage in dealings or transactions with or for the benefit of a Sanctioned Person, or with or in a Sanctioned Country.
第四、在合同中加入違反合規與陳述保證的終止權和/或賠償保障條款。這個主要是預防出現問題之后的風險控制問題。當然,很多時候,交易對手如果對于制裁管制或者合規法律不那么了解的情況下,不一定這么容易拿得到這些條款。對于公司法律工作人員來說,需要非常仔細的去平衡可能的合規風險和商業利益的問題。
第五、歸根到底,企業要建立一個良好的合規體系來控制風險。交易對手的身份、盡職調查、合約條款等對于風險控制很重要,但最關鍵的是還是要建立一個體系來管控合規風險。只有在企業內部建立一個完善的、可執行的合規風險管控體系,才能從源頭上保證公司不發生根本性的、顛覆性的合規風險。
歡迎來Leslie法商學院,一起交流全球經營的中國企業如何控制合規風險。
Uncle聊天室要墻裂推薦給大家,全部是牛人、奇人。
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